Thesis (BS Agribusiness Economics) -- University of the Philippines Mindanao, 2023

Chrono-nutrition is a nutritional field examining the relationship between time-related eating behaviors and the circadian rhythm. However, an information gap exists in developing countries, like the Philippines. This study compared the sleep duration, eating behaviors, nutrient intake, sociodemographic profiles, and academic performance of in-school adolescents in rural and urban schools in Davao City. This study also explored factors influencing sleep duration, focusing on meal timing, frequency, regularity, and nutrient intake, and the impact of breakfast on academic performance. Three-day diet recall data of 55 respondents using random stratified sampling and power analysis from a previous research project on nutrient intake from vegetables from October 2019 to March 2020 were utilized, totaling to 165 observations. Panel regression and Tobit regression analyses determined factors affecting sleep duration and academic performance, respectively. Two-tailed t-test results showed that urban and rural adolescents differed significantly in nutrient intake, meal frequency, breakfast skipping, and sleep duration, showing 16 nutrient deficiencies, frequent meals, breakfast regularity for both groups, and sleep deprivation among urban adolescents. Panel regression results revealed that sufficient magnesium intake and eating breakfast two hours after waking up significantly shortened sleep duration, while sufficient water and potassium intake and eating dinner within two hours before sleeping were significantly increased sleep duration. Tobit regression results showed that breakfast skipping was significantly linked to poor academic performance. The findings underscore the need for nutrition-specific interventions, adjusting school start times, and promoting breakfast programs to enhance sleep duration and improve academic performance among in-school adolescents.