Effects of contrasting long-term weed management methods on the abundance and diversity of broadleaves in a banana plantation in Davao City, Philippines and assessment of fitness of paraquat-resistant ageratum conyzoides / Adrian Donasco Almeria.
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TextLanguage: English Publication details: 2011Description: 98 leavesSubject(s): Dissertation note: Thesis (BS Biology) -- University of the Philippines Mindanao, 2011 Summary: Weed management should be able to effectively reduce weed populations, while preserving weed diversity and preventing prevalence of herbicide resistance. To compare the effects of manual and chemical (paraquat and glyphosate) weed management on the abundance and diversity of broadleaves in a banana plantation, counts, biomasses, seed band and diversity indices of broadleaves were compared in identical experiments in 15% and 25% slopes. In addition, fitness of paraquat-resistant Agratum conyzoides was assessed in the absence of herbicide pressure. From the seed banks, a total of 10 broadleaf species were observed namely: Ageratum conyzoides, Acalypha indica, Bidens pilosa, Borreria laevis, Calapogonium muconoides, Cleome utidosperma, Drymaria cordata, Hedyotis corymbosa, Mimosa invisa and Younggia japonica. Seedling emergence and diversity showed an increasing trend in seed banks in both 15% and 25% slope except in 25% manual ploys which had decreasing seedling emergence and 15% manual plots which had a stable diversity. Field biomasses in both slopes and field counts in 25% were significantly lower in chemical plots compared to manual plots. A. conyzoides was the most dominant broadleaf. C. rutidosperma and B. pilosa, which were declining during the first three years, showed slight increases in the fourth year of field sampling. D. cordata was very abundant in 15% slope particularly in the manual plots. The increase in A. indica populations over the first three years was halted in the fourth year. The shifts in weed population have implications on the environment and on the banana industry. Results of experiment on paraquat-resistant A. conyzoides showed that paraquat-resistant A. conyzoides would not be out-compared by paraquat-susceptible A. coynziodes even without paraquat application. In conclusion, chemical weed control is advantageous over manual weeding in maintaining low weed numbes while not sacrificing weed diversity. However, the presence of herbicide resistance requires incorporation of non-chemical weeding of herbicide of different groups to maintain efficiency of chemical weeding
| Item type | Current library | Collection | Call number | Status | Date due | Barcode |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thesis | University Library | Non-Circulation | LG 993.5 2011 B4 A46 (Browse shelf(Opens below)) | Available | 3UPML00033452 | |
| Thesis | University Library | Reference/Room-Use Only | LG 993.5 2011 B4 A46 (Browse shelf(Opens below)) | Available | 3UPML00012805 |
Thesis (BS Biology) -- University of the Philippines Mindanao, 2011
Weed management should be able to effectively reduce weed populations, while preserving weed diversity and preventing prevalence of herbicide resistance. To compare the effects of manual and chemical (paraquat and glyphosate) weed management on the abundance and diversity of broadleaves in a banana plantation, counts, biomasses, seed band and diversity indices of broadleaves were compared in identical experiments in 15% and 25% slopes. In addition, fitness of paraquat-resistant Agratum conyzoides was assessed in the absence of herbicide pressure. From the seed banks, a total of 10 broadleaf species were observed namely: Ageratum conyzoides, Acalypha indica, Bidens pilosa, Borreria laevis, Calapogonium muconoides, Cleome utidosperma, Drymaria cordata, Hedyotis corymbosa, Mimosa invisa and Younggia japonica. Seedling emergence and diversity showed an increasing trend in seed banks in both 15% and 25% slope except in 25% manual ploys which had decreasing seedling emergence and 15% manual plots which had a stable diversity. Field biomasses in both slopes and field counts in 25% were significantly lower in chemical plots compared to manual plots. A. conyzoides was the most dominant broadleaf. C. rutidosperma and B. pilosa, which were declining during the first three years, showed slight increases in the fourth year of field sampling. D. cordata was very abundant in 15% slope particularly in the manual plots. The increase in A. indica populations over the first three years was halted in the fourth year. The shifts in weed population have implications on the environment and on the banana industry. Results of experiment on paraquat-resistant A. conyzoides showed that paraquat-resistant A. conyzoides would not be out-compared by paraquat-susceptible A. coynziodes even without paraquat application. In conclusion, chemical weed control is advantageous over manual weeding in maintaining low weed numbes while not sacrificing weed diversity. However, the presence of herbicide resistance requires incorporation of non-chemical weeding of herbicide of different groups to maintain efficiency of chemical weeding
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